化合物简介
Beauvericin is a depsipeptide with antibiotic and insecticidal effects belonging to the enniatin family. It was isolated from the fungus Beauveria bassiana, but is also produced by several other fungi, including several Fusarium species; it may therefore occur in grain (such as corn, wheat and barley) contaminated with these fungi. Beauvericin is active against Gram-positive bacteria and mycobacteria, and is also capable of inducing programmed cell death in mammals.
Chemically, beauvericin is a cyclic hexadepsipeptide with alternating N-methyl-phenylalanyl and D-hydroxy-iso-valeryl residues. Its ion-complexing capability allows beauvericin to transport alkaline earth metal and alkali metal ions across cell membranes.
Beauvericin has in vitro fungicidal effects on Candida parapsilosis when used in combination with the antifungal drug ketoconazole at dosages of 0.1 μg/ml. Increased survivability rates and low cytotoxicity were also observed in mouse models.
基本信息
- 中文名称：
- 白僵菌素
- 中文别名：
- cyclo(D-α-Hydroxyisovaleryl-L-N-methyl-Phe)3
- 英文名称：
- Beauvericin
- 英文别名：
- beauverin;
beauverin bassiaua vuillemin;
bovein;
Cyclo(-D-a-hydroxyisovaleryl-N-Me-Phe)3;
- CAS号：
- 26048-05-5
- 分子式：
- C45H57N3O9
- 分子量：
- 783.94900
- 精确质量：
- 783.40900
- PSA：
- 139.83000
- LogP：
- 4.72620
物化性质
- 密度：
- 1.126g/cm3
- 沸点：
- 975.6ºC at 760mmHg
- 闪点：
- 543.8ºC
- 折射率：
- 1.529
- 储存条件：
- 2-8ºC
- 蒸汽压：
- 0mmHg at 25°C
生产方法及用途
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生产方法
1.白僵菌对营养的要求主要是碳源和氮源,以及少量的微量元素。根据其好气性特性,要选择质地松散、含糖量较高的原料配制培养基,如米糠皮、麸皮、黄豆饼、葡萄糖、磷酸二氢钾等。白僵菌在5～30℃均可生长繁殖,以24～28℃最为适宜,控制适宜温度和湿度也可防止杂菌生长。
用途
1.真菌性杀虫剂。通过孢子接触到虫体后,在适宜温度和湿度萌发,形成菌丝,菌丝穿透虫体壁伸入体内,进行繁殖,使昆虫血液内充满孢子,以致死亡。可用于农业或林业防治多种害虫,如防治松毛虫,药剂对水稀释,用每毫升含活孢子1亿个药液进行喷雾。与2.5%敌百虫粉剂混用,每克混合粉含活孢子1亿个,用药量112.5～1150g混合粉/100m2。
2.白僵菌(尤其是球孢白僵菌)杀虫谱较广,可寄生于鳞翅目、同翅目、膜翅目、直翅目等的200多种昆虫和螨类。主要用于防治松毛虫、玉米螟、大豆食心虫、高粱条螟、甘薯象鼻虫、马铃薯甲虫、茶叶毒蛾、 松针毒蛾、稻苞虫、稻叶蝉、稻飞虱等害虫。卵孢白僵菌还对蛴螬等地下害虫有特效。
